GOLD & GUNS ON PATHAN FRONTIER 1945 - by Sardar Khan Abdul Qayum Khan Banned by Himself.

 How the Biggest Enemy of ANP , Who was """Khan Abdul Qayum Khan "" and President of Muslim League in NWFP , Wrote a Book on Bacha Khan known as ""Guns and Gold"" on 

“Everything is fair in politics. Whether it was the All-India National Congress or the All-India Muslim League, victory was always the destiny for me.”

Those are the words of Abdul Qayyum Khan, clearly defining his political existence, as quoted by Abdur Rauf Seemab. Qayyum is a man known for not only his iron-fist rule over what is now known as Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa or for his role in the fall of the definitive Khudai Khitmatgar movement but for banning his own book.

With strong nationalist undertones, Abdul Qayyum Khan’s Gold and guns on the Pathan Frontier (1945) is a scathing critique of British policy in the erstwhile North West Frontier which eulogises the Khudai Khidmatgar Tehreek (KKT). He banned his own book soon after coming to power in the province in 1947 for a tenure which lasted five years.

The 77-page book was published by Hind Kitabs, Mumbai in 1945 and is divided into eight chapters. It is dedicated to Dr Khan Sahib, the elder brother of the Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan who is better known as Bacha Khan.

Gold and guns on the Pathan Frontier

The book starts with descriptions of the region and its people and then moves into more choppy political waters. As it dresses down the British, the book also lays into the Muslim League all the while taking great pain to explain the KKT and praise the Khan brothers.

Qayyum’s disdain for the British Raj is noted in what he calls their imperial hunger for the land, a hunger which forced Afghanistan to cede sovereignty over the tribal belt, which the Raj then annexed into India, a policy of “vivisection and emasculation of Afghanistan.”

During the 1857 uprising, Gold and guns goes on to state, it was the Pakhtuns who fought next to the British but the Raj locked them out of every scheme which was introduced in India. Qayyum also criticises the British for their portrayal of the Pakhtuns.

“It was repeatedly [stated] that the Pathan was a mad fanatic, almost a savage animal and if for no other reasons, at least for the sake of his neighbors in the Indus valley, he must be subdued,” he writes.

The policy of the British divided the region into tribal areas and settled districts, which Qayyum again terms as “vivisection.”

He writes the British appointed military officers in charge of the Frontier’s districts in addition to introducing repressive laws like the Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR). Section 40 of the FCR was heavily used against those suspected of having links with the Freedom Movement, reads the book.

Qayyum notes before the start of World War Two, the bulk of the Indian Army was maintained in various Frontier garrison towns called cantonments, recruiting heavily from the Pakthuns. Simultaneously, large funds were at the disposal of political officers to “civilise” the tribes by corrupting them, Qayyum stipulates.

“Gold and guns have been used in great profusion to tame and subdue these tribes,” he sums up the Raj’s policy, from which his book takes its name.

All shades of grey

In order to understand the journey of Gold and guns from being the first-of-its kind English literature on the Khidmatgar movement to its own author banning it, Qayyum’s own journey from the Khilafat movement to the KKT to the Congress and then to the Muslim League must be seen for context.

Syed Minhajul Hassan in his unpublished PhD dissertation, NWFP Administration under Abdul Qaiyum Khan, 1947-53 (2003) notes Qayyum’s parents had migrated to Peshawar from Kashmir, marking Qayyum’s ethnic roots. Qayyum was born in Nagar village of Chitral on July 16, 1901 where his father was serving as an assistant on behalf of the British Indian government.

Politically active since his time at Islamia College, Qayyum quit studies for a brief period, presumably distracted by the non-cooperation movement. By 1921, he was nominated to the position of general secretary of the movement in the province. However, he resumed studies after he enrolled at the London School of Economics from where he graduated with a degree in economics and political sciences. Before he returned to Peshawar, Qayyum had been called to the bar at Lincoln’s Inn.

After he lost the Frontier Legislative Assembly elections as an independent in 1932, Qayyum joined the Congress Party. He lost elections for the assembly again in 1936 from the party’s platform, but his rise within the party was notable.

However by 1945, when many Congress leaders were incarcerated over the Quit India Movement, Qayyum and the party had fallen out of love.

According to Hassan, it was Qayyum’s association with Bhullabai Desai, a Congress leader who had pushed for a Congress-League interim government after World War 1, which caused the party’s disillusionment with the politician.

It was around this time that Qayyum penned his 77-page ode to the Khan brothers and joined the Muslim League, a party he rages against in Gold and guns. Even though Qayyum uses the book as a way to patch things with the Congress, when the latter denied him the party ticket to contest the 1946 elections for the Central Legislative Assembly, Qayyum saw the moment opportune and switched to the League.

In his book, Qayyum calls the Muslim League a collective of reactionary and opportunistic groups looking to seize power by raising alarm over “Islam in danger.” Through this, he says, the League also secured its class interests. On the other hand, the “Pride of the place must go to Khan Brothers,” he writes of Bacha Khan and Dr Khan Sahib.

Rajmohan Ghandi in his Ghaffar Khan, the nonviolent badshah of Pakhtuns explains Qayyum’s departure not as disloyalty but a sort of political realism. He emphasizes the 1946 elections proved Qayyum correct in his calculation that the Punjab Unionist and KKT too would have to acknowledge the rising tide of “Political Islam”.

Hassan’s dissertation adds that Dr Khan Sahib formed the provincial government after the Congress won a majority in the Frontier Legislative Assembly elections in 1946 and his government was dismissed in 1947 by then Governor-General Jinnah by reinstating Section 93 of the Interim Constitution of Pakistan.

According to the dissertation, Qayyum played an important role in this by meeting Jinnah and convincing the governor-general that Dr Khan Sahib was planning to declare the Frontier, “Pakhtoonistan” an autonomous state under Pakistan.

Qayyum was then appointed the chief minister of the Frontier and promptly banned his book.

Analyst Khadim Hussain views the ban as an attempt to weaken the KKT’s ideology, as soon after taking over, Qayyum crackdown against the Khidmatgar workers to break their organisational infrastructure.

People called him a turncoat and probably to avoid that epithet, he banned his own book, said columnist Zalan Momand. “The ban on his book was never lifted as it is the case with most of the banned books in Pakistan.”

Published in The Express Tribune, August 1st, 2014.

source : https://tribune.com.pk/story/742763/gold-and-guns-abdul-qayyum-khans-journey-to-the-centre-of-the-frontier/

BURIAL SITE OF ISRAELITE KISH / QAIS ABDUR RASHID FORE FATHER OF PASHTONS IN PAKHTUNKHWA.

 

Beautiful View of Koh I Soloman Mountains from DG Khan Region .  

The Solomon Mountain Range Part of Hindu Kush Mountains of Af-Pak: 

The Solomon Mountains Balochi/Urdu/Persian: کوه سليمان Koh-e Sulaimān), or the Kesai Mountains (Pashto: د كسي غرونه‎), are a major geological feature of eastern and southeastern Afghanistan (Zabul, most of Loya Paktia and northeastern Kandahar), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ,FR Tribal Frontier Region of DI Khan and South Waziristan,

Fr Di Khan Pakhtunkhwa Koh-I-Solomon

Koh I Solomon from Air 

Zhob FR DI Khan Koh I Solomon 

It also Includes  most of northern Baluchistan Province touching Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in DI Khan Region. And some of southwestern Punjab Province of Pakistan in DG Khan Area which was Previously Separated from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in 1971.

Lonely Canyon Koh I Solomon 

The Solomon range Extends to West to  Loya Paktia in Afghanistan and meets the Spin Ghar range northeast of Gardez in Paktia province of Afghanistan .

To the east, the mountain range enters the districts of Dera Ghazi Khan in Punjab and Dera Ismail Khan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and approaches the Indus River near Mithankot , Rajanpur District of Punjab.

Koh I Solomon in Baluchistan 

 The eastern slopes drop very quickly to the Indus River, but towards west, the mountain range drops gradually to the Sistan Basin of Iran.

Qilla / Fort Saifullah Koh-Solomon Mountains 

 The Solomon Mountains form the eastern edge of the Iranian plateau Lying at West of the Indus River Passing through Khyber Pakhtunkhwa separates it from the Indian Subcontinent lying in East.

Bordering the Solomon  Range to the north in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Towards Swat Chitral Pamirs and Gilgit –Baltistan are the arid highlands of the Hindu Kush, and Pamirs Forming the Roof top of the World where more than 50 percent of the lands lie above 2,000 meters.

The naming of this Mountian on Name of King of Isreal Solomon is of great Significane to People of World and Researchers who think the Afghans and Pashtuns are Decedents of Isrealites and even the Villages Nearby has name as Musa Khels and other Such Isrealite Names.   

The most famous peaks of the Solomon  Mountains are: 

1. Takht-e-Solomon  (3,487 meters), Taunsa Sharif DI Khan City Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
2. Kesai Ghar/ Qasi Abdur Rashid Ghar  (3,444 meters) near FR DI Khan khyber Pakhtunkhwa Near Zhob. 
3.  Koh-i-Takatu at 3,472 metres (11,391 ft).
4.  Giandari.
5.  Khilafat Hills (3,475 meters) in Ziarat Baluchistan.
6. and Zarghun Ghar (3,578 meters) near Quetta.

Rivers that flow from the Sulaiman mountain range include :

      1.  Dori River Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

      2.   and the Gomal River Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

 The Important Landmarks of this Area are

      1.    Takht – I – Solomon  , throne of Prophet and King Solomon PBUH
      2. Burial Site of Qais Abdur Rasheed Sahabi son of Afghana great Grand Son of King saul of    Isreal and Prophet Jacob or Yaqob Illah Islam PBUH 

Takht-i-Solomon , the Prophet / King Solomon Mentioned in Bible and Quran:  

Takhti -i-Solomon FR DI Khan Khyber Pakhtunkwa 

Coordinates of Throne of Solomon         31°40′57.66″N 69°56′11.64″E

Takht or the Throne of Solomon Prophet of God Mentioned in Bible . it Is Situated in Solomon Range of Mountains , the Exact Location of this Place is Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan which were one before 1971 East of Durrand Line border of Afghanistan and Pakistan and Near the Indus River . 

 In an Afghan & Indian and older Gandhara legend, one of the highest peaks of the Takht-i Sulaiman ("Throne of Solomon"), 3,382 metres (11,096 ft) high, is associated with Prophet Hazrat Solomon PBUH Prophet of Jews and Isreal and this fact was Mentioned Thousands of Years ago by Traveler and  famous Historian Ibn Battuta names it Koh-i Sulaiman. 

He says that Prophet Solomon PBUH , climbed this mountain and looked out over the land of South Asia, which was then covered with darkness, but he turned back without descending into this new frontier, and left only the mountain which is named after him, as Mentioned by famous Historian .

According to another legend, Noah's Ark alighted in the Takht-i Sulaiman after the Deluge the famous Biblical Flood .

So it is Interesting to Find the Noah Ark in this Place and not in Armenia or Near Border of turkey and there is another Takht-i-Suleman in Iran as well, which has been Declared as Unesco Protected Site but in pakistan Nobody Knows about these Sites and Nobody has Documented anything and the Government is not in Knowledge and it cares not . 

King or Prophet Solomon PBUH of Israelites ( Follower of One God as its meaning )  , visited these Mountains, mentioned in Bible Old and New Testament and Quran as well. Hindu Kush Ranger is about 800 km (500 mi) long mountain range that stretches between central Afghanistan and northern Pakistan.

Hazrat Solomon where he landed one can find the Takht-i-Solomon or Throne of Solomon , which is situated in Baluchistans Pashtun belt of Baluchistan ( Which was Part of Pakhtunkhwa till 1971) , Near the city of Zhob is where this Place of Takht-I-Solomon in Solomon Range , and is where the Grave of Qais Abdul Rasheed , the Great Great Grand father of Pashtuns who spread Islam in India and hence the name Hindu Kush .

 

           Qais -Abdur Rasheed Father of Pashtuns Burial Site  :

Qais Abdur Rasheed of Ghor Province Forefather of  All Pashtuns Buried in DI Khan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa  

The  Kais  a Jewish  name was the Name of Forefather of Pashtuns and he was Great Grand Son of Afghana . Afghana was one of son of King Saul , or Talut as he is known in Muslims and King Saul was Great grand sons of Prophet  Yaqaub illah Islam PBUH and his Great Grand Sons was Prophet or King Solomon PBUH  and Hazrat Yousaf Illah salam PBUH  Were all his grand Sons , all Mentioned in Bible Old and New testament and Quran .

Family Tree of Kais Pathan son of Afghana 

Kais Pathan was Son of Isreal and being grandson of Afghana , is a Real Sahabi how met Prophet Muhammad PBUH who brought Islam and Accepted islam and also converted all Pashtuns in single Day to Islam although they were believing in Tauwheed or oneness of GOD / Allah  before even Islam or Christianity 3000  Years Ago , as Sons of Israel for thousands of years before Jesus Christ PBUH .

It is Near the village of The Afghan historians proceed to relate that the children of Israel, both in Ghor and in Arabia, preserved their knowledge of the unity of God and the purity of their religious belief, and that on the appearance of the last prophet and messenger, Prophet Muhammad, the Afghans of Ghor listened to the invitation of their Arabian brethren, the chief of whom was Khalid ibn al-Waleed, so famous for his conquest of Syria, and marched to the aid of the true faith, under the command of Kyse, afterwards surnamed "Abdul Rasheed".

Qias Abdur Rashid or Kish ( Jewish name ) was a Jew following the old Testament of Bible in Afghanistan and was Sardar or leader of Pashtuns he Met Hazrat muhmmad PBUH and Accepted Islam and Converted all Pashtun at same time Before death of Prophet Muhammad PBUH 632 AD .

On Name of Kish the Koh-Kish is situated in Solomon range in Baluchistan , and Historical site which very Few People know in Pakistan . Kish is father of all Pashtuns.

Legend says that when Qais Abdur Rashid felt his time was near, he asked his sons to take him from Ghor to the Sulaiman Mountains Takht-e-Sulaiman to bury him at the spot where his ancestor Malak Afghana was buried.

According to his Wishes he was buried on top of the Kesai Ghar ("Mount of Qais"), located near the village of Darazinda in Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of present Pakistan, close to the border with the Zhob District of Balochistan, Pakistan.

Some people visit the place, mostly in the summer when the mountain is easier to climb and make animal sacrifices, usually a sheep or a goat, at the tomb of Sahabi Qais Abdur Rasheed . Nearly all major Pashtun tribes are said to be the progeny of his sons and daughters.

Qias Abdur Rashid  therfore is a Sahabi ( One who met and Accepted Islam ) is buried in Solomon Mountains where this Kesai –Ghar is situated in FR DI-Khan region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. 

1900 AD LANDMARK CUNNINGHAM CLOCK TOWER GHANTA GHAR PESHAWAR CELEBERATING GOLDEN JUBILEE OF QUEEN VICTORIA

The Ghanta Ghar or Golden Jubilee Clock Tower landmark of peshawar made to commemorate the golden jubilee of queen victoria queen victoria who reigned more than 60 years on a throne longest reigning British monarch , at that time , so in order to celebrate that there was a golden jubilee celebration from 1837 to 1897.

Medals were issued to celebrate that with the face of queen victoria and there was a distinct ribbon with blue and white color in fact at that time the queen victoria was also declared as empress of india which was to celebrate her rule over the indian subcontinent comprising of India ,Bangladesh & pakistan . 

This was the golden moment of her rule although she was more than 80 years at that time and more than 60 years she had spent on the throne and because of this the British empire or the British raj where the sun would never set decided to celebrate it with the big bang in the colonies they held. 

Like in Canada a stamp was issued the indian army composing of the punjab and the bengal army marched in the streets of london in front of the parliament building. 

indian personal secretaries like munshi abdul Kareem was Ushered in from India to serve the Queen Victoria and he taught the queen how to read and write an urdu which is the language of the people of indian subcontinent 

Sample of the urdu writing of queen victoria under the tutor munshi abdul kareem

A golden jubilee clock tower was erected in exmouth exeter in 1897

Similarly in the isle of wight in uk in 1897 which is the holiday destination of the queen a clock tower was erected 

Victoria jubilee fountain in halifax canada was also laid down similarly in calcutta india in 1897 a statue of her sitting on a throne was commissioned. 

In rawalpindi in front of general headquarters of pakistan army a statue of her was commissioned

Similarly in peshawar there was a clock tower now known as Ganta ghar or Cunningham Clock tower built by the governor of Pakhtunkhwa ( NWFP  North West Frontier Province ) .

The Governor Mr cunningham 1937 -47 Did he really Make this Clock as he was not even Commissioned in indian Civil Service till 1911 and this Clock Tower was made in 1900 ? 

or is it made by somebody else because if you look at the tower there is a signboard on it interestingly the signboard tells the story of who donated the money like a Lala Bai manand Doja for the construction of the clock tower in 1900  and the name of Governor cunningham is also on the signboard but it is really Misleading 


IT tells the date of construction Completion as the year 1900 when it was completed but all this is a bit more confusing because cunningham was the governor of khyber pakhtunkhwa or northwest frontier province in 1937 to 1946 for 2 Tenures en years and then later from 1947 to 48 for the third Tenure . 

Cunningham was not there in the year 1900 as he was Captain of Rugby for Scotland till 1911 and was in UK and not in Indian Sub Continent. 

There is another signboard on the tower where they say that 200 men went to war in the world war one 1914 1919 and seven of them gave up their lives so it looks that maybe this tower is constructed after the world war one in the 1930s 

Is it it is possible ? , this is one theory that maybe the name of cunningham clock tower is present on the tower because this tower was made in 1937-39,s  after the world war -1  and before the world war -2 ? 

Maybe this was meant to commemorate the golden jubilee of the queen in the 1900s , and was made really in 1900,s ? 

So let's look at the two possibilities because at the time of 1900 the province of northwest frontier promise did not exist because it was part of afghanistan and afghanistan had claim over north west frontier province and the durrand line made in 1893 was not recognized by afghanistan till and there was a war in 1919 known as the 3rd Anglo of Afghan war . 

Afghanistan under King Aman ulluh Khan Durrani Tried to get back its Lost territories till Delhi , Current Pakistan Areas that also included Lahore . 

So if this Clock tower was made before that ?  then it was not made by Governor George cunningham who was from dundee scotland and he was a good rugby player and Represented his Country as Captain of Scotland Rugby team till 1911 and was in England till then . 

As one can see his tenures as Governor Pakhtunhwa starting from 1937 and finishing in 1946 and then another one from 1947 to 48. so this does not match up with Date of Completion of this Clock Tower in 1900 AD. 

So if Governor George cunningham did not make this who actually made it ? 

Because at that time Pakhtunkhwa was under Commissioners Rule and that of Political agents ruling Peshawar under Governor Punjab 

First Commissioner of Peshawar Mr Harold Dean Actually started from 1901 AD , When the province was declared as being made in Indian Subcontinent under the British Raj after its Separation from Afghanistan . 

Afghanistan After Separation was Declared a Separate Country in 1919 August after Rawalpindi Agreement with King Aman Ulluh Khan after he Lost the 3rd Anglo Afghan war of 1919 , and till 1919 Pakhtunkhwa was Disputed Country that Also Included Punjab , Baluchistan and Kashmir Area as well as they were Previously under Afghanistan 

So if it was not Commissioner Harold Dean who actually made it ? then Maybe as Commissioner Harold dean of Peshawar was Answerable to the governor of punjab ! 

Punjab at that time had been under the occupation of the british so there is a possibility that the Governor of punjab may have given the order for making this Golden Jubilee clock tower ? it is a possibility as Second Option 

Contractor of Peshawar Lala bay Maimond Doja maybe he's the one who actually uh made it under Design of  James stretchan of Peshawar Municipality.  

 I visited the uh beautiful landmark of peshawar it's near the Qisa Khwani bazaar or the chowk Yadgar Commemorating the Slaughter of Peshawar People after they Rose up to Demand a Separate Province and Provincial Parliament of Pakhtunkhwa . it all makes Sense . 

The Street Further goes up to Gor gathri Historical complex 

Governor punjab at that time was Sir William Mackworth Young his tenure coincides with the making of this clock tower in 1900 and since the statue of Queen victoria was also uh put in front of the General headquarters in Rawalpindi at same time . 

Maybe he as Governor Punjab  also ordered a clock tower for Peshawar Designed James strachan and contributed in Money by the people of peshawar 

In 1965 this clock tower was destroyed by bombing by the indian Aircraft and in 1965 it was constructed again so maybe in 1965 they committed a mistake uh by writing the name of the wrong governor of Pakhtunkhwa ? 

 So i hope you liked this video about the Peshawar Golden Jubilee clock tower of George Cunningham and i hope you subscribe to my channel and press the bell icon to see such wonderful videos .

MUGHAL BRIDGE LANDMARK PESHAWAR PAKHTUNKHWA 1600 AD

 

The Mughal Bridge is 100 yards long and six yards wide with beautiful, domed pillars

The Mughal tands above Bara River and near the Chuha Gujar village. Chuha Gujar Villege is situated where the southern Part of Ring road is exiting to GT road and motorway as Junction .

Just before this Junction is another Intersection or chowk when Pandu Road road crosses the southern Ring road of Peshawar, when you take a Right turn on Pandu road , you will have Chuha Gujar villege on your left .


A Mughal-era construction probably built during Shah Jehan’s rule in 1629, the bridge is 100 yards long and six yards wide with six-foot tall pillars on each side. The pillars are topped with beautiful domes which add to the grandeur of the bridge. Two of the domes, however, have fallen off. As is typical of Mughal architecture, there are 12 arched tunnels or water ways running under the bridge.

The Chuha Gujar Bridge is 100 yards long and six yards wide with beautiful, domed pillars. PHOTOS: MUHAMMAD IQBAL/EXPRESS


The bridge is in considerably good condition, despite the fact that it has been there for more than three centuries and has not been preserved as a historical site. It is among the few Mughal monuments in the city of Peshawar. In his book, Peshawar: Past and Present, SM Jafar shows the original plaque with Emperor Shah Jehan’s name and details of the bridge on it, such as the date of construction.

 


One of the pillars used to have a plaque with details about the historic bridge, but it has been removed. Researcher Humayun Akhund said residents claimed the plaque was taken away by officials from the archeology department. He added that they had searched the department and found nothing. “If we had the plaque, we would be able to learn about the bridge’s history,” he said. “But since we do not have any historical documents or manuscripts, we don’t know much. The structure and design show that this was built in the Mughal period.”

According to researcher Muhammad Nawaz Khan, who has written about the history of Peshawar, many people believe the bridge was built by Karim Bakhsh Sethi, a philanthropist from Peshawar. There is, however, no proof. Khan added there was another bridge on the road between Chamkani village and GT Road which was constructed by Sethi. He claimed there used to be a mosque near the bridge but it doesn’t exist anymore.

PESHAWAR GRAVEYARD OF DURRANI AFGHAN ROYALS FAMOUS FOR 2ND ANGLO AFGHAN WAR 1878.

 

Grave of Prince Ayub Khan in Peshawar 

The tablet at the cemetery gate reads: "The mausoleum of  Maiwand's Victor Ghazi Sardar Mohammed Ayub Khan" (b.1855 d.1914). Afghan Prince Ayub Khan's tomb made of pure white marble is a fine example of hand craftsmanship. It has a round canopy and bears beautiful floral carvings, geometric patterns and Islamic calligraphy.

The mausoleum's construction was commissioned by the government of Afghanistan during the reign of King Amir Habibullah Khan. The gravestone carries a Persian inscription that lavishes much praise on the inmate. 

Other dignitaries buried in the Durrani Graveyard compound include: 

1. Mother of Prince Ayub Khan and wife of King Ameer Sher Ali and queen of Afghanistan), 

2. Sardar Ibrahim Khan (brother),

3. Sardar Jalaluddin Khan 

4. and other close family members of the monarchy. 

Door Way Plaque 

The graveyard also has rare historic headstones dating back to the late 1700s and early 1800s when Peshawar was ruled by the Durrani Pashtuns Dynasty of Afghanistan and their Rule extended from Afghanistan to Delhi.

Queen of Afghanistan at Wazir Bagh Peshawar  mother of  Prince Ayub Khan 

Location:

In the compound of Shiekh Habib Baba Ziarat (near 'Beejo ka Makbara') near Wazir Bagh Road outside walled city of Peshawar) Located on the southern side outside the walled city of Peshawar on Wazir Bagh Road Near the Famous Wazir Bagh .

There  is a historic muslim cemetery dating back to 1700 and 1800 at , the time when Peshawar was the winter capital of Afghanistan and Delhi under the Durrani Empire of Pashtuns Ahmadzai Branch of Yousafzai.

In Peshawar Near Wazir Bagh lies the tomb of Afghan prince Sardar Ayub Khan of Maiwand fame. He was the son of Sher Ali, Amir (King) of Afghanistan, and cousin of Amir Abdur Rahman.

Introduction of The Victor of Maiwand Prince Sardar Muhammad Ayub Khan:  


Durrani Empire was Started by Ahmad Shah Abdai Durrani who was Titled Durrani ( King of Kings  ) as He was Destined to be King of Afghanistan , India ( Pakistan Included )  , at same time .  After Ahmad Shah His some Timur Shah Took over and then Zaman Shah and Kamran Shah and Later ,Dost Muhammad Durrani and followed by Amir Sher Ali Durrani .

This Dynasty lasted in India till 1857 and in Afghanistan till Sardar Daud Durrani in 1980,s  who was Killed by Taliban / Mujahideen .

Amir Sher Ali son was Prince Ayub Khan Durrani and he was also Governor of Herat and Kandahar Province. 

Prince Ayub Khan 1855-1914

He was an Afghan National hero and Prince of India Sub continent and Afghanistan and He was the son of the King Ameer Shere Ali, who ruled Afghanistan from 1863-1878. Ayub Khan was born in 1855 and spent most of his early life in Afghanistan. of Afghanistan and rests in a small marble mausoleum in this Durrani Graveyard, Peshawar. 

After Ayub Khan father's King of Afghanistan Amir Sher Ali Khans demise and Ayub Khan became the governor of Herat and His brother King Amir Yakub Khan ascended the throne as King of Indian Sub Continent and Afghanistan , as Durand Line was not Made Till 1898 and Afghanistan Possessed all Area of Pakistan and Indian till Delhi India .

King Amir Sher Ali King of Indian sub Continent till Delhi 

Sardar Muhammad Ayub Khan is revered as a freedom fighter and national hero in Afghanistan. 

19th century poets have composed ballads about the 'Ghazi of Maiwand' and glorified him for giving the foreign invaders a bloody nose. There is a monument of the battle of Maiwand in Afghanistan. 

The tower, known as Minar-e-Maiwand was erected by King Zahir Shah Durrani in 1959 in the town square.

Malalaa Of Maiwand 

A Pashto inscription, taken from a poem, relates a legend how at one stage the Afghans were Preparing for retreat when a young woman named Malalai, stepped forward and pleaded to them: "If you do not taste of martyrdom today on this field of Maiwand, by God I am afraid you'll lead an ignominious life forever." It is recounted, upon hearing this the men turned back to win the battle.

A colossal cast-iron lion statue in the memory of the men of 66th Regiment of Foot who died at Maiwand stands in Forbury Gardens, Reading in Berkshire England UK. 

Maiwand Lion at Forbury Gardens commemorating the fallen Soldiers 

The Maiwand Lion is a sculpture and war memorial in the Forbury Gardens, a public park in the town of Reading, in the English county of Berkshire. The statue was named after the Battle of Maiwand and was erected in 1886 to commemorate the deaths of 329 men from the 66th (Berkshire) Regiment of Foot during the campaign in Afghanistan between 1878 and 1880. It is sometimes known locally as the Forbury Lion.

The Maiwand Lion features on the front page of one of the local newspapers, the Reading Post, and also on the Reading Football Club crest.

The regiment lost approximately 329 to 500 (reports of the number vary) at the battle of Maiwand, having faced an Afghan army by the British contingent. Eleven of the men were Officers, protecting the colours. 

 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle based his character Doctor Watson on the regiment's Medical officer, Surgeon Major Doctor A F Preston who was injured in battle.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional character Watson is actually based on a surgeon of the 66th Regiment. In 'A Study in Scarlet' (1881), Watson describes how he got shot whilst attending to a fallen soldier at Maiwand. "How are you? You have been to Afghanistan, I perceive" are the opening words spoken by Sherlock Holmes to Dr. Watson. "How on earth did you know that?", Watson asks in admiration. It is the first of many displays of Holmes's brilliant deductive abilities.

Plaque of  Maiwand Lion  at Forbury Park . 

The few remaining survivors that managed to reach the safety of the British garrison at Kandahar, got a medal from Queen Victoria of England on return to their country. One of the medal recipients was a dog named Bobbie.

King Ameer Sher Ali and Sons including Ayub Khan  

The unprecedented British defeat caused a sensation in Europe and provided much literary food for English writers such as Rudyard Kipling who composed a poem entitled 'That Day'. Rudyard Kipling also Invented the Term " The Great Game " which meant the The chasing the Wealth of Center of Earth Afghanistan according to Mc Kinder Theory and found at Silk Route and all the rulers of Indian Sub continent came from Afghanistan for last thousands of Years.

After Prince Ayub Khan's victory under the direction of Field Marshall Frederick Roberts was Sent By East India company to Punish Afghan  after a few months it also left Afghanistan after burning Many Bazaars in Kandahar and Kabul and Punishing Afghans with Brutality that showed lack of humanity and reminded People of Third Rate Barbarism . 

And when the British army drew back into India leaving the Afghans to govern themselves, Ayub's cousin and staunch enemy King Amir Abdur Rahman Khan proclaimed himself Ameer routing Ayub's supporters. 

Ayub Khan was forced to flee to Herat and later sought refuge in Persia where he spent many years in exile. The new King Ameer Abdur Rahman continued to hatch conspiracies against him and made his life difficult even there.

On his part, Ayub Khan tried vainly to topple him and attempted a coup against his cousin but with no luck. As time wore on and the political landscape gradually changed Ayub Khan finally turned himself over to the British emissary in Mashad, Persia. 

He was sent to India as a state prisoner and kept in confinement for sometime. He spent the last years of his life with his family in Lahore, living off a pension fixed by the Government of India. He died on April 7, 1914 and was buried in Peshawar.

Today, the Victor of Maiwand rests alone in his glory in a small marble mausoleum in the Durrani Graveyard near Wazir Bagh, Peshawar , just outside the old walled city of Peshawar.

 His tomb made of pure white marble is a fine example of hand craftsmanship. It has a round canopy and bears beautiful floral carvings, geometric patterns and Islamic calligraphy. The mausoleum's in Peshawar construction was commissioned by the government of Afghanistan during the reign of King Habibullah Khan in 1914. 

The Great Game and Anglo Afghan Wars 

The term 'Great Game' was popularized during the British Empire's conflict with Tsarist Russian Empire in the 19th century. Afghanistan and its monarchs became pawns in this imperial game of rivalry and strategic influence and its outcome was to have a direct bearing on the British Empire's hold over India.

Great Game was Rivalry Between British and Russia over the Riches and Resources of Afghanistan and  Central Asia beyond Afghanistan till Bukhara and Samarkand .

Many Wars were fought to Conquer Afghanistan and expand British Sphere of Influence they are

1. First Anglo Afghan War 1839-1842.
2. Second Anglo Afghan War 1878-1880.
3. Third Anglo Afghan War  1913-1914.

The British had not forgotten the terrible first Afghan War disaster when an entire army of 15,000 was wiped out in 1842 during Retreat from Kabul ending the four years of their initial presence there in Snow and harsh Weather and Pashtun tribes shooting them from Mountains above .

Retribution and vengeance were key considerations that paved the way for another military campaign. Incited by the murder of the British agent Major Louis Cavagnari at the Kabul Residency and to counter the increasing tilt towards Russia by the Afghans, the British army once again advanced into Afghanistan in 1878 commencing the second Afghan War at Maiwand . 

Maiwand is a small village town in Afghanistan, about 45 miles from Kandahar that gained fame during the second Anglo-Afghan War in 1880. It was at this battlefield that the British army suffered its most embarrassing defeat at the hands of Prince Sardar Muhammad Ayub Khan, whose mausoleum is in Peshawar.

Soon after their arrival, the British deposed Ayub's brother Yakub Khan and then a long campaign ensued. The battle at Maiwand was fought on July 27, 1880 when Ayub Khan successfully led 6000 men and intercepted the British army at this place in order to thwart their invasion of Afghanistan. 

The terrible heat of the Afghan summer that year and other logistic difficulties greatly disadvantaged the 66th (Berkshire) Regiment led by General Burrows in its advance and was annihilated by the Afghans who tore through all its lines. The victory is often cited as being perhaps the only instance where an Asiatic leader won a pitched battle fought against a vastly superior European army.

1880 Victory day at Maiwand under Prince Ayub Khan

Prince Ayub Khan confronted the British force commanded by General Burrows at Maiwand, on 27th July 1880, near the close of the Both Second Afghan and First Afghan war are Example of wins one of the very few pitched battles that have been won by any Asiatic leaders over an army under European direction.

THE ROOF TOP OF WORLD & 8000 METER PLUS MOUNTAINS & 150 7000 METERS PLUS MOUNTAINS LIST.

Viewfrom Space of Hindu Kush Mountains 

Roof Top of the World is Situated in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Northern Areas of Pakistan and it Posses Hundreds of Mountains that are Highest in the World that it Shares with China , Afghanistan , Nepal and India 

Northern areas of Pakistan Known as Gilgit & Baltistan are Right next to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and you have to Pass from this Area to Reach the Northern Areas and the Roof top of the World where Hundreds of Mountains are Situated that are more then 7000 Meters High and also there are 5 Mountains that are Included in the 8000 meters plus 14 Mountains of the World  

 

Karakorum Range of Mountains :

Karakoram is a Turkic term meaning black gravel. The name was first applied by local traders to the Karakoram Pass.

Karakorum is also a Sub Range of Hindu Kush Mountain that is found in Pakistan in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Northern Area of Gilgit and Baltistan. The Karakoram is in one of the world's most geologically active areas, at the boundary between two colliding continents of Europe and Asia and Found on Boundary of Pakistan Durand line with Afghanistan and in North from these Mountain Ranges this Boundary starts and finished near Arabia Sea.







K2 in Karakorum

A significant part, 28-50% of the Karakoram Range is glaciated, compared to the Himalaya (8-12%) and Alps (2.2%).Mountain glaciers may serve as an indicator of climate change, advancing and receding with long-term changes in temperature and precipitation.[9] Karakoram glaciers are mostly stagnating or enlarging, because, unlike in the Himalayas, many Karakoram glaciers are covered in a layer of rubble which insulates the ice from the warmth of the sun. Where there is no such insulation, the rate of retreat is high.

The Karakoram, in simplified Chinese: 喀喇昆仑山脉; traditional Chinese: 喀喇崑崙山脈; pinyin: Kālǎkūnlún Shānmài; , Kārākōram; Balti: ཁརན ཨ ཀུརམ Kharan-a-Kuram Uyghur: كاراكورم‎), is a large mountain range spanning the borders between Pakistan, India and China, located in the regions of Gilgit–Baltistan (Pakistan), Ladakh (India), and Xinjiang region (China).

As subrange of the Hindu Kush Himalayan Range, it is one of the Greater Ranges of Asia. The Karakoram is home to the highest concentration of peaks over 8000m in height to be found anywhere on earth, including K2, the second highest peak in the world 8,611 m (28,251 ft).






Nanga Parbat

The range is about 500 km (311 mi) in length, and is the most heavily glaciated part of the world outside the polar regions. The Siachen Glacier at 76 kilometres (47 mi) and the Biafo Glacier at 63 kilometres (39 mi) rank as the world's second and third longest glaciers outside the polar regions.

The Karakoram is bounded on the northeast by the edge of the Tibetan Plateau, and on the north by the Pamir Mountains. The southern boundary of the Karakoram is formed, west to east, by the Gilgit, Indus, and Shyok Rivers, which separate the range from the northwestern end of the Himalaya range proper as these rivers converge southwestward towards the plains of Pakistan.







Broad Peak

The Tashkurghan National Nature Reserve and the Pamir Wetlands National Nature Reserve in the Karalorun and Pamir mountains have been nominated for inclusion in UNESCO in 2010 by the National Commission of the People's Republic of China for UNESCO and has tentatively been added to the list.

The naming and division of the various subranges of the Karakoram is not universally agreed upon. However, the following is a list of the most important subranges, following Jerzy Wala. The ranges are listed roughly west to east.


Sub Ranges are :

1. Batura Muztagh,

2. Rakaposhi-Haramosh Mountains,

3. Spantik-Sosbun Mountains

4. Hispar Muztagh

5. South Ghujerab Mountains

6. Panmah Muztagh

7. Wesm Mountains

8. Masherbrum Mountains

9. Baltoro Muztagh

10. Saltoro Mountains

11. Siachen Muztagh

12. Rimo Muztagh

13. Saser Muztagh

Passes in Karakorum are :

From west to east

1. Karakoram Pass

2. Kilik Pass

3. Mintaka Pass

4. Khunjerab Pass (the highest paved international border crossing at 4,693 m (15,397 ft))

5. Shimshal Pass

6. Mustagh Pass

7. Sasser Pass

Karakorum High way Passes through these Mountains and is Marvelous feet of Engineering and one of Highest Highway in the world , and it was Made by Chinese and Pakistani Army Engineers and it is a marvel to See.


The List of Mountains in Karakorum Range are As follows:

Nanga Parbat 8,125 Meters high is found in Diamer Region , About 37 Mountains are Found in Gaunche Region , 64 Mountain in Gilgit Region and 50 Mountain in Skardu region all Higher then 7KM or 7000 Meters are found in Northern Areas of Pakistan. All in All 152 Mountains are found in Karkorum Sub range of Hindu Kush Mountains .






                                         Gasher Brum 2


In This List the 31 Mountains of Pamir Sub Ranger of Hindu Kush Mountains Khyber Pakhtunkhwa about are not included found in Chitral Region also Known as Roof Top of the World .

1  Nanga Parbat
Height  Range         Group        District
8,125 Himalayas    Diamer        Diamer



2  Saltoro Kangri No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,742  Karakoram   Soltoro    Gaunche

3 Saltoro Kangri II 
Height  Range         Group        District
7,706  Karakoram   Soltoro    Gaunche

4 Chhaltoro Gang R1 N
Height  Range         Group        District
7,705  Karakoram  Soltoro  Gaunche

5 Saser Kangri I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,672   Karakoram   Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

6  Mamostong Kangri
Height  Range         Group        District
7,516  Karakoram Soltoro       Gaunche

7  Saser Kangri E
Height  Range         Group                   District
7,513   Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

8 Saser Kangri II W
Height  Range         Group                    District
7,500   Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

9 Saser kangri III
Height  Range         Group        District
7,495 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

10 K-12  
Height  Range         Group        District
7,469  Karakoram Soltoro        Gaunche

11 Teram Kangri 1
Height  Range         Group                   District
7,463 Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

12 Teram Kangri II
Height  Range         Group                       District
7,406   Karakoram  Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

13 Rimo (S) No. I Peak 51
Height  Range         Group                    District
7,385   Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

14 Teram Kangri III
Height  Range         Group        District
7,382  Karakoram Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

15 Sherpi Kangri I Main
Height  Range         Group        District
7,380 Karakoram Soltoro Gaunche

16 Rimo (S) No. II P-50
Height  Range         Group                    District
7,373  Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

17 Sherpi Kangri No. II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,370 Karakoram  Soltoro Gaunche

18 Sherpi Kangri No. III
Height  Range         Group                   District
7,300 Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

19 Teram kangri IV
Height  Range         Group        District
7,300  Karakoram   Siachen (disputed)Gaunche

20 K-6
Height  Range         Group        District
7,282 Karakoram Saltoro       Gaunche

21 Apsarasas-1
Height  Range         Group        District
7,245 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

22 Apsarasas II
Height  Range         Group                   District
7,239 Karakoram Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

23 Apsarasas III E
Height  Range         Group                    District
7,236 Karakoram Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

24 Rimo No. II P-49
Height  Range         Group        District
7,233 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

25 Apsarasas IV
Height  Range         Group               District
7,227 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

26 Mt. Rose/Singhi Kan
Height  Range         Group                 District
7,202 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

27 Apsarasas V
Height  Range         Group                District
7,187 Karakoram Siachen (disputed)Gaunche

28 Apsarasas III E
Height  Range         Group                    District
7,184 Karakoram  Siachen (disputed)Gaunche

29 Apsarasas III W
Height  Range         Group                  District
7,181 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

30 Rimo No. III
Height  Range         Group                   District
7,169 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

31 Un-Named/Masherbrum
Height  Range         Group        District
7,163  Karakoram Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

32  Depak
Height  Range         Group        District
7,150 Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

33 Apsarasas (S)
Height  Range         Group                  District
7,117 Karakoram Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

34 Sherpi Kangri
Height  Range         Group                    District
7,100 Karakoram   Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

35 Link Sar
Height  Range         Group        District
7,041 Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

36 Apsarasas(E)/Un-Named
Height  Range         Group        District
7,000 Karakoram  Siachen (disputed) Gaunche

37 Chogolisa(W)/Prupoo
Height  Range         Group        District
7,000 Karakoram Boltoro Gaunche

38 Ghent III
Height  Range         Group                     District
7,000 Karakoram Siachen (disputed)  Gaunche

39 Kaberi Peak
Height  Range         Group               District
7,000 Karakoram Siachen (disputed)Gaunche

Gilgit Mountains


1 Distaghil Sar Main
Height  Range         Group        District
7,885 Karakoram  Hispar          Gilgit

2 Kunyang Chhish/Main
Height  Range         Group        District
7,852 Karakoram  Hispar          Gilgit

3  Masherbrum NE/ (K-1)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,821 Karakoram   Bagrot        Gilgit

4  Masherbrum
Height  Range         Group        District
7,806 Karakoram   Bagrot     Gilgit

5  Rakaposhi
Height  Range         Group        District
7,788 Karakoram  Bagrot          Gilgit

6  Batura No. I
Height  Range         Group              District
7,785  Karakoram  Batura Mustagh  Gilgit

7  Batura II
Height  Range         Group             District
7,762 Karakoram   Batura Mustagh  Gilgit

8  Distaghil Sar No. II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,760   Karakoram  Hispar         Gilgit

9 Kanjut Sar No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,760  Karakoram   Hispar     Gilgit

10   Batura No. II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,730 Karakoram Batura Mustagh Gilgit

11 Batura III
Height  Range         Group                       District
7,729 Karakoram   Batura Mustagh  Gilgit Mustagh

17  Batura IV 
Height  Range         Group        District
7,594 Karakoram Mustagh       Gilgit

18 Batura V 
Height  Range         Group        District
7,531 Karakoram    Batura Mustagh Gilgit

19 Yakshin Gardaan No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,530 Karakoram  Hispar          Gilgit

20 Kunyang Chhish (W)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,500 Karakoram   Hispar        Gilgit

21  Pumari Chhish (W)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,492  Karakoram  Hispar    Gilgit

22 Pasu Massive M
Height  Range         Group        District
7,478 Karakoram  Batura Mustagh  Gilgit

23 Malubiting (W)_
Height  Range         Group        District
7,453 Karakoram  Haramosh Gilgit

24 Muchu Chhish
Height  Range         Group            District
7,453 Karakoram  Batura Muztagh Gilgit

25 Pumari Chhish (N)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,440  Karakoram Hispar  Gilgit

26 Yazghil Dome (S)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,440 Karakoram Hispar          Gilgit

27 Haramosh No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,409 Karakoram Haramosh  Gilgit

28 Kunyang Chhish (E) 
Height  Range         Group        District
7,400 Karakoram Hispar   Gilgit

29 Pumari Chhish (S)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,400 Karakoram Hispar   Gilgit

30 Yazghil Dome (N)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,400  Karakoram  Hispar       Gilgit

31 Ultar Sar No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,388 Karakoram Batura Mustagh Gilgit

32 Karun Kuh
Height  Range         Group        District
7,350 Karakoram  Hispar          Gilgit

33 Kunyang Chhish W
Height  Range         Group        District
7,350 Karakoram Hispar   Gilgit

34 Pumari Chhish S 
Height  Range         Group        District
7,350 Karakoram  Hispar   Gilgit

35 Momhil Sar / Peak - 7
Height  Range         Group        District
7,343 Karakoram   Hispar  Gilgit

36 Yutmaru Sar (S)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,330 Karakoram    Hispar       Gilgit

37 Bojohagur Duanasir
Height  Range         Group             District
7,329 Karakoram  Batura Mustagh Gilgit

38 Kunyang Chhish (SE)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,320 Karakoram  Hispar        Gilgit

39  Malanghutti
Height  Range         Group        District
7,320 Karakoram  Hispar         Gilgit

40  Ultar Sar II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,310 Karakoram    Batura Mustagh  Gilgit

41 Yazghil Domes N
Height  Range         Group        District
7,300  Karakoram Hispar           Gilgit

42   Malubiting Central
Height  Range         Group        District
7,291  Karakoram Haramosh      Gilgit

43 Rakapohsi (E)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,290 Karakoram Bagrot            Gilgit

44 Passu/Peak No. 55
Height  Range         Group            District
7,284 Karakoram Batura Mustagh Gilgit

45 Pasu Massiv E
Height  Range         Group              District
7,284 Karakoram Batura Muztagh Gilgit

46 Diran /Minapin
Height  Range         Group        District
7,273 Karakoram Bagrot           Gilgit

47 Bularang Sar
Height  Range         Group        District
7,200 Karakoram Hispar           Gilgit

48 Lugpahur Sar MD
Height  Range         Group        District
7,200 Karakoram Hispar           Gilgit

49  Lupghar Sar (E)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,200 Karakoram Hispar           Gilgit

50 Malubiting LC
Height  Range         Group        District
7,200 Karakoram Haramosh     Gilgit

51 Kampir Dior
Height  Range         Group        District
7,168 Karakoram Batura Muztagh Gilgit

52 Karun Koh
Height  Range         Group        District
7,164 Karakoram Khunjerab     Gilgit

53 Hachindar Chish
Height  Range         Group        District
7,163 Karakoram Batura Mustagh  Gilgit

54 Kampir Dior
Height  Range         Group        District
7,143 Karakoram Batura Mustagh  Gilgit

55 Kunyang Chhish (N)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,108 Karakoram Hispar          Gilgit

56 Ghenta
Height  Range         Group        District
7,100 Karakoram Batura Mustagh Gilgit

57 Lupghar II / Central
Height  Range         Group        District
7,100 Karakoram Hispar           Gilgit

58  Yakshin Gardaan No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,100 Karakoram Hispar  Gilgit

59 Ghenta
Height  Range         Group        District
7,090 Karakoram Batura Muztagh Gilgit

60 Malubiting (E)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,010 Karakoram  Haramosh Gilgit

61Rakaposhi (E)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,010 Karakoram  Bagrot          Gilgit

62 Lupghar Sar III (E)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,000 Karakoram Hispar           Gilgit

63 Sangemer Mar
Height  Range         Group        District
7,000 Karakoram Batura Muztagh  Gilgit

64 Malubiting (NW)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,300 Karakoram  Haramosh Gilgitt



Skardu District Mountains


1 Chogori/K-2
Height  Range         Group        District
8,611 Karakoram Boltoro        Skardu

2  Gasherbrum No. I/Hidden Peak
Height  Range         Group        District
8,068  Karakoram  Boltoro     Skardu

3 Falchan Kangri / Broad Peak
Height  Range         Group        District
8,047  Karakoram Boltoro      Skardu

4 Gasherbrum No. II
Height  Range         Group        District
8,035  Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

5  Broad Peak Middle/Central
Height  Range         Group        District
8,016 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu


6  Gasherbrum No. III
Height  Range         Group        District
7,952 Karakoram  Boltoro        Skardu

7  Gasherbrum No.lV
Height  Range         Group        District
7,925 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

8 Masherbrum W
Height  Range         Group        District
7,750  Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

9 Chogolisa No. I SW/E
Height  Range         Group        District
7,665 Karakoram   Boltoro        Skardu


10 Chogolisa No. II/NE
Height  Range         Group        District
7,654 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

11 Broad Peak (N)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,550 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

12 Skyang Kangri No.I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,544 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

13 Skyang Kangri No. II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,500 Karakoram Boltoro        Skardu

14 Sia Kangri No I / N
Height  Range         Group        District
7,422 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

15 Skil Brum
Height  Range         Group        District
7,360 Karakoram   Boltoro       Skardu


16  Skyang Kangri M
Height  Range         Group        District
7,357 Karakoram    Boltoro       Skardu

17  Skyang Kangri W
Height  Range         Group        District
7,345 Karakoram   Boltoro       Skardu


18 Sia Kangri No II/E
Height  Range         Group        District
7,325 Karakoram   Boltoro        Skardu

19 Yazghil Domes S
Height  Range         Group        District
7,324    Karakoram  Boltoro    Skardu


20 Gasherbrum No. V
Height  Range         Group        District
7,321 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

21 Baltoro Kangri No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,312   Karakoram  Boltoro       Skardu


22 Baltoro Kangri No. III
Height  Range         Group        District
7,300   Karakoram   Boltoro     Skardu

23 Urdok No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,300 Karakoram Boltoro         Skardu

24 Savoia Kangri
Height  Range         Group        District
7,286  Karakoram   Boltoro       Skardu

25 Baintha Brakk/Ogre
Height  Range         Group        District
7,285 Karakoram    Panmah    Skardu

27 Baltoro Kangri No. III
Height  Range         Group        District
7,280 Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

28 Golden Throne SE
Height  Range         Group        District
7,275  Karakoram   Boltoro       Skardu

29 Golden Throne NW
Height  Range         Group        District
7,274  Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

30 Mustagh Tower (E)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,273 Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

31 Sia Kangri No. IV/Central
Height  Range         Group        District
7,273 Karakoram    Boltoro       Skardu


32 Golden Throne NE
Height  Range         Group        District
7,270    Karakoram  Boltoro    Skardu

33 Mustagh Tower (W)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,270 Karakoram    Boltoro     Skardu

34 Golden Throne SE
Height  Range         Group        District
7,265   Karakoram  Boltoro      Skardu

35 Summari
Height  Range         Group        District
7,263   Karakoram  Boltoro     Skardu

36 Baltoro Kangri No. V
Height  Range         Group        District
7,260 Karakoram    Boltoro      Skardu

37 Baltoro Kangri No. IV
Height  Range         Group        District
7,254  Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

38 Urdok Kangri I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,200 Karakoram Boltoro         Skardu


39 Mustagh Tower (NW)
Height  Range         Group        District
7,180 Karakoram Boltoro         Skardu

40 Yermanenbu Kangri
Height  Range         Group        District
7,163 Karakoram    Boltoro     Skardu

41 Un-Named
Height  Range         Group        District
7,150 Karakoram   Boltoro       Skardu

42  Latok No. I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,145   Karakoram Panmah      Skardu

43 Gasherbrum V
Height  Range         Group        District
7,133 Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu

44 Urdok No. II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,082 Karakoram   Boltoro      Skardu


45 Mandu Pk
Height  Range         Group        District
7,081 Karakoram    Boltoro   Skardu

46  Chogolisa Kangri I
Height  Range         Group        District
7,071 Karakoram Boltoro         Skardu

47 Pyramid/Thyor
Height  Range         Group        District
7,058   Karakoram Boltoro    Skardu

48 Spantik/Ghenish Chish
Height  Range         Group        District
7,027 Karakoram  Haramosh    Skardu

49 Chogolisa Kangri II
Height  Range         Group        District
7,014   Karakoram  Boltoro     Skardu


50 Gasherbrum No. VI
Height  Range         Group        District
7,004  Karakoram Boltoro        Skardu